Saturday, June 26, 2021

New Orion Telescopes on Order

New Orion Telescopes on Order
The goal is to have old school smaller telescopes which are lighter weight, easy to carry, fast to set up, adjustable, occupy a small footprint, and easy to use!


STARBLAST II EQ
First up is this Orion StarBlast II 4.5" EQ f/4 parabolic Reflector & AstroTrack Motor Drive is capable of astro imaging and has a total weight of only 20.7 pounds. The OTA is 4lbs. and the mount with tripod is only 11.9lbs. The German Equatorial counterweight adds a mere 4.8lbs. One welcomed old school feature is the clock drive. It can set a simple sidereal tracking drive rate with only one button. Power is from a simple 9-volt battery. Setting circles and a finder will facilitate star hopping to find deep sky objects without a computer. A computer however can dedicate
itself to imaging and processing images.

STARBLAST
The second telescope ordered is the tabletop "grab and go" Dobsonian version StarBlast. Remarkably, the total weight of this telescope is only 13lbs (7.7lbs lighter than the EQ). It can carry with one hand, and will be ideal for Lucky Imaging of sky objects where they are left to drift across the FOV without a drive, a camera takes thousands of short exposure images, and a video is captured and processed. This works for both telescopes.

TELESCOPES COMPARED
The OTAs appear to have a blue and green color variation and they come with different oculars - the EQ has better Sirius Plossls,  a 25.0mm and 10.0mm giving a magnification of 18x and 45x respectively. The tabletop comes with lesser quality Explorer II Kellner 17.0mm and a 6.0mm giving magnifications of 26x and 75x respectively. Another curious difference quoted in the specs concerns the primary mirrors. EQ has soda-lime plate glass and the tabletop has low thermal expansion borosilicate glass. Both versions offer the EZ Finder II finderscope. This is 1:1 and has no light gathering ability - it can be replaced with a standard lens finder or a cell phone with a sky app for starhopping.

ADVANTAGES ARE MANY
These telescopes are physically small taking up very little space - a footprint ideal for operating from a room and window in the home or a small observatory. The tabletop is extremely easy to use with only a simple altitude knob. The tabletop and the EQ can adjust weight by rotating and changing the OTA tube position to compensate for the addition of accessories.

MODIFICATIONS
For serious starhopping, the EZ Finder II finderscope will need to be replaced or supplemented. At 1:1 and no light gathering ability - it does not offer ability to show dimmer stars over that of the human eye. In a severe light polluted environment, it's likely the EZ Finder II finderscope will show no stars or only one or two of the brightest. It may have strength in quickly centering the Moon and bright planets. The addition of a cel phone finder with a sky app will create a push to goto telescope. These generally lose accuracy when moving across a large section of the sky, from East to West or North to South for example. However, observing from a room or deck, only one quadrant of the sky is viewed at a time and the cell phone finder will perform well.

EQ-1 MOUNT
This mount is compatible with other small telescopes, like the Orion 80mm refractor and rings. Having a clock drive gives it many advantages.

EMULATION & APPLICATIONS
Emulating a $3,000.00 4.5" aperture Unistellar eVscope with a $200 Orion StarBlast is one project, for imaging deep sky objects. Instead of trying to find objects using an unreliable eVscope's internal computer, the StarBlast telescopes will use manual starhopping to locate objects and a new technique called Lucky Imaging, with and without a drive. A computer will handle the camera software and processing.

Indoor Observatory

Inventing the Indoor Observatory
Above: observing indoors with a focus on the Moon - the sky portal size, area of visibility and which objects are visible at any given date and time, are calculated with an astronomy app. The Celestron CGX/L goto mount with the short OTA 14-inch EdgeHD catadioptric is ideal for indoor observing through an opened window or window glass. Adjacent to the telescope are indoor electrical receptacles, camera imaging computers and accessory racks - the epitome of indoor observatory convenience.

Indoor Observatory
The indoor observatory includes telescopes kept in a room inside a home, and are used for observing through window glass or an open window, in a comfortable regulated environment. This achieves the greatest convenience.

Left: small Dobsonian tabletop telescopes, like the upgraded "grab and go" collector's
signature edition Celestron FirstScope, are extremely convenient when observing indoors

Chromatism
Instruments, such as optical atmospheric chromatic dispersion correctors (ADC), may be used to compensate window glass to improve the overall image quality and to reduce and mitigate optical defects. 

Plane Dimension
Telescope optical orientation to the plane of window glass is corrected through software.

Observing Through Window Glass
Obtaining good astro imaging through window glass necessitates image processing to correct double images, image softening, planar deviation, contrast reduction, color skewing and other factors.

Left: the Moon through the indoor Celestron 14" Edge HD

Experiments were performed with large and small telescopes and the result compared for the notion of an indoor observatory. Telescopes reside indoors, completely isolated from the outdoor elements, such as bugs and mosquitoes, extreme heat and humidity, and bitter cold and wind.

Remote Controls
Extra remote observatory control elements are not needed and power is readily available, often with several computers. Visual observing and imaging are possible with astro imaging using computer image processing to improve the images. 

Telescope Aperture
Telescope size makes a difference in the quality of the observation. Observing through window glass is a lot like observing through the atmosphere - small telescopes perform better across the smaller wavefront than larger scopes because they look through a smaller diameter of window glass which will have less deviations.

Window Glass Quality
Other defects up for compensation and correction include off axis planar orientation, nonhomogeneous glass, and chromatism. The quality of the float window glass can also widely vary.

Room Reflections
Eliminate and minimize internal nuisance ghost reflections from the glass window by turning off indoor lighting.

Left: the Moon image taken with the indoor 2.99-inch Celestron FirstScope Dobsonian is processed to subtract window glass. Imaging through window glass can change the focus, reduce contrast and soften the image.

Double Image
The double image anomaly can result from two sided reflections off the window glass, front and back surfaces. Design image processing to subtract (more complex) or suppress (more simple) the weaker of the two images, which is normally the backside image coming back through the first surface.

Glass Thermal Insulation
Be sure to avoid thermally insulated glass of the double pane type. This would create additional unwanted reflective images and aberrations. Window glass can also cause thermal convection if the indoor and outdoor temperatures vary too much. In this case there are two corrective options. Make the temperature indoors the same as outdoors, or use lucky imaging techniques.

Polar Align Indoors
The indoor telescopes are set up, calibrated to north as needed using a compass, and positioned for maximum viewing. 

Window Size
It helps to observe through a large deck glass door to see more of the sky. Of course a small telescope and a small bedroom window sill may be ideal.

Glass Avoidance
As a simple option, put on bug repellant, slide the window open, equalize the temperature differential, and bypass the glass.

Telescopes Indoors
Telescopes kept indoors under regulated temperature and humidity have an advantage and will not be as prone to dewing. In some cases, expensive large outdoor telescopes were known to dew over inside the sealed Schmidt-Cassegrain tubes, ruining the telescope or causing a very complicated repair disassembly.

Sky Area of Visibility
A portal of sky visibility is determined and a planetarium app calculates which objects will be visible in the window on any given date and time. It can also determine how long the object will be visible.

Blast from the Past: Old school telescopes often had the front end capped with a flat of conventional 1:1 plate glass. These telescopes were primarily visual and the user dealt with any problems caused by the telescope's glass window. Essentially these old telescopes were looking through a window, not much different than a house window.

Left: Celestron's cell phone mobile sky app, free SkyPortal, can determine the window of opportunity for available objects at a given date and time when observing from indoors

Indoor Observatory

Wednesday, June 23, 2021

Telescope Thoughts

Telescope Thoughts

Rambling through telescope thoughts tonight

Nobody knows why the three thousand + dollar Unistellar eVscope failed so miserably. Yeah, we were prepared to be amazed as they promised in their advertising, but we only got a disappointing defect that had to be returned to the dealer. Perhaps the telescope could not deal with the heavy light pollution that exceeds the Bortle scale, or high altitude mist that blocks some stars, or just maybe the metal in the building killed the WIFI. After that fiasco, our taste for digital telescopes went to zero indefinitely. And with advertising filling our box for its competition, Stellina, we easily look the other way and delete the claims readily.

What about the long standing GOTO Celestron digital mounts as in the Celestron CGX/L? We've had a mental block in using one and after three years, still no luck with the system. Blame it on a different Asian set of GPS satellites, or problems with the Asian time zones, or a magnetized slag mount needing a protective Faraday Cage, or whatever. After that, my taste for digital mounts went to zero.

Alas, the working solution is at hand. I'm going back to trusted old school, reliable setting circles, finding objects manually with a finderscope and a small equatorial mount, and running a clock drive from a 9-volt battery that has one simple knob. I will use small telescopes that can be lifted with one hand, easily moved and ones that are fun to transport, and a real joy to use. I'm taking back astronomy and astrophotography the way it was, fun and exciting and every time out was a new discovery.

Wednesday, June 2, 2021

Light Pollution City

 

Light Pollution City
This city has a rating beyond a Bortle number with all its light pollution and air pollution sky haze

The author has invented the Penetrator, an invention to cut through sky dynamics such as light pollution, haze, fog, smog, air pollution, light overcast, a sheen of atmospheric water vapor, and thin clouds.

Friday, April 30, 2021

Upgrade the Celestron FirstScope with a Rotating "Multiple Eyepiece" Turret

This revolving eyepiece turret accessory increases convenience in switching eyepieces, cameras, and those with filters or other devices


Adding light weight accessories is important for maintaining telescope balance, especially for telescope tube OTAs that have no means of balancing. The Celestron FirstScope is one of those telescopes.

The Eyepiece Revolver fits my complete set of Svbony Gold series Aspheric eyepieces consistently. This includes 4mm, 10mm, and 23mm focus oculars. The Revolver has good lock rotation and can be adjusted with a centerline screw.

Tips & Techniques
It's ideal to put on camera and sight in first with eyepieces to center the image. The revolver adds about one inch of back focus so adjust the mirror position or substitute a different focuser accordingly to compensate for focus.

Procedure
The Revolver holds a complete set of Svbony eyepieces and rotates each into view on a Celestron FirstScope. Scope balance is not significantly changed with the lightweight revolver and lightweight eyepieces so manual tracking remains the same. The product is outstanding.

Adjustment
I adjusted wherever possible, including the tightness of the screw in barrel for rock solid performance. Overall, the unit matches the telescope and eyepieces perfectly and has free and smooth rotation. The eyepiece barrels are not too long and do not protrude.

Specifications
Item - 1.25" Eyepiece Revolver
Brand - KSON
Sold By - BestGoBuy
Cost - $28
Capacity - 3 Eyepieces
Adjustable - Yes
Focus - Adds 1-inch of Back Focus
Hold Other Equipment - Yes. Camera, eyepieces with filters

Spectacular Focal Reducer Discovery for FirstScope

Spectacular Focal Reducer
Discovery for Celestron FirstScope

by Mike Otis

Experiment Gone Fantastic!
Change your telescope's world with a simple Fresnel card. Turn your telescope into a very fast f/.5 system!
Over the years the flat plastic Fresnel lens about the size of a credit card has significantly improved and now forms much better grade optical images. The card is designed to be used as a low cost flat magnifier and conveniently carried in a wallet like a credit card,

I bought several flat Fresnel lenses for experimentation in the lab. I noticed a long focal length of several inches and the last night out with the Celestron FirstScope, I held one up to the rack and pinion and pointed the telescope at the Moon. I was surprised to see a very tiny Moon, as if the Fresnel lens was acting like a massive focal reducer.

I set up a rig to measure the focal length of the Fresnel and got 6 to 8-inches. The Celestron FirstScope has 2.99-inches aperture with a focal length of 11.8-inches at f3.95. Using the upper limit of the Fresnel focal length, I got f/3.95/8-inches = f/.5 and a magnification of 11.8/8=1.5x. Technically, the flat Fresnel performs like an 8-inch focal length eyepiece giving 1.5 power. After learning the very bright tiny dot in the telescope was the Full Moon and not a reflection, I realized the lens was acting like a spectacular focal reducer. Having a Celestron FirstScope converted to a very fast f/.5 system is like having an all new telescope, very fast lens, or a Schmidt Camera.

Aberrations
System aberrations include small effects of flexure - deviations from a plane surface, and achromatic aberration due to using the single plastic element.  When taking images for processing, the blue end of the spectrum is easily subtracted or filtered out.

Fresnel Lenses - Tips & Techniques
I also discovered the opposite effect of the focal reducer is possible. Make a 2x or greater Barlow by stacking two or more credit card lenses and observe the overall magnification increases.

Extra Experiments
* Try making a telescope using the Fresnel lens as the primary objective
   and stack two for the eyepiece
* Record the magnification increases when stacking cards for a Barlow effect
* Prop one up on the telescope tube for use as a finder card
* Place over the hand controller to enlarge the display

Thursday, April 29, 2021

Mystery Sky Light UFO


Mystery Bright Sky Light Identified
For the past several nights, a very bright UFO - static flashing sky beacon light appeared above the mountain range. Posing as a possible stationary geosynchronous orbital satellite, the beacon hovered above the mountain and was watched over the course of several nights. Sometimes it moved position from night to night. Other times it remained stationary as if hovering.

If you swing one of the very large telescopes over to the light, it can be resolved and identified. However, no telescopes were in operation most nights during the spell of inclimate overcast weather. Overcast skies only deepened the mystery.

But when the object was sighted just as the sun was setting, it became obviously clear it was simply a powered pulsating warning light located at the tip of a very large construction crane occupied in the development area of a new tall skyscraper. It was not a rotating satellite in space reflecting sunlight after all.

After identifying the hazard light, at least three more were found looming in the night sky. These contribute significant light pollution, thus destroying the darkness and beauty of the night sky, as the wide band multispectral beam emits strong light in all directions including skyward to warn low flying aircraft of its position.

Wednesday, April 28, 2021

Plastic Telescope Takes the Cake!

The World's First All Plastic Commercial Telescope Takes the Cake!

Designed for the Celestron FirstScope as a finderscope

Leave it to Celestron partnered with Chinese constructionists to make perhaps the world's first commercial all plastic telescope and at the lowest pricing imaginable. As far as we know, everything from the tube, mount, ring, dust caps, eyepiece, and even the lenses are plastic!
The 5x24 telescope is originally designed for the Celestron FirstScope telescope and attaches to two bolts on the tube. With an aperture of 24mm or about one inch, and magnifying 5x, the scope is intentionally made of plastic to keep it extremely lightweight, an absolute requirement when attaching as an accessory to a small lightweight telescope without the means for adjusting balance.

What is the performance of an all plastic telescope? Surprisingly good. Who would have guessed? The photo at left was taken with a camera phone by holding it in front of the eyepiece end of the scope and shows crosshairs and a crisp colorful view of city buildings located far away. It was shot through a curving fence. The image through plastic lenses has very minimal distortion and any slight achromatic fringing is negligible. The photo shows any spherical aberration is also negligible and hardly noticeable. Plus the price is right - at only $8.69 and free shipping when purchased from Svbony Optics.


Cleaning Note
When cleaning a plastic optic, do not contact the surface with anything, especially a lens cloth, tissue or any other means of wiping the lens. Soft plastic will easily and permanently scratch. Clean by using gentle puffs of clean dry air.

Specs at a Glance
Function - Finderscope for Celestron FirstScope, Spotting Telescope
Aperture - 24mm
Magnification - 5x
Weight - A Few Ounces
Size - About 15cm Long
Dust Caps - Included
Construction - Plastic
Crosshair Reticle - Yes
Finish - Glossy Black
Mounting Bracket Type - Celestron FirstScope
Focus - Adjustable
Image - Inverted
Cost - $8.69

Tuesday, April 27, 2021

Celestron FirstScope Index 2021

Celestron FirstScope Index 2021
This is the new updated index to various projects posts for the Celestron FirstScope, a cute little Dobsonian telescope sold in toy stores but upgraded to perform numerous experiments.

At 2.99-inches diameter and f/3.95, this reflector telescope is being used to the max. Follow the creative experience and see what happens when a tiny telescope meets creativity.







September 4, 2020 Celestron FirstScope Accessories Test Project
https://otisastro.blogspot.com/2020/09/celestron-firstscope-test-accessories.html

September 6, 2020 Celestron FirstScope Eyepiece Tip
https://otisastro.blogspot.com/2020/09/celestron-firstscope-eyepiece-tip.html

August 30, 2020 Celestron FirstScope Upgrade Project
https://otisastro.blogspot.com/2020/08/celestron-first-scope-upgrade-project.html

August 30, 2020 Celestron FirstScope Image through Window Glass Project
https://otisastro.blogspot.com/2020/08/celestron-firstscope-image-through-glass.html

August 29, 2020 Celestron FirstScope Image Scale Project - Jupiter at 80,000 Power
https://otisastro.blogspot.com/2020/08/celestron-firstscope-image-scale-project.html

Celestron FirstScope Index
https://otisastro.blogspot.com/2020/08/celestron-firstscope-index.html

August 26, 2020 Celestron First Scope - Simulation Green Image Intensifier Project
https://otisastro.blogspot.com/2020/08/celestron-first-scope-simulation.html

August 26, 2020 Celestron FirstScope - Full Moon Project
https://otisastro.blogspot.com/2020/08/celestron-firstscope-full-moon.html

August 26, 2020 Celestron FirstScope - My Review
https://otisastro.blogspot.com/2020/08/celestron-firstscope-my-review.html

August 25, 2020 Celestron FirstScope - Introduction
https://otisastro.blogspot.com/2020/08/celestron-firstscope.html

August 24, 2021 Celestron Firstscope - Play
https://otisastro.blogspot.com/2020/08/the-full-moon-imaged-through-my.html

April 21, 2021 Testing Svbony Optics on the First Scope Telescope
https://otisastro.blogspot.com/2021/04/testing-svbony-eyepieces-on-first-scope.html

April 24, 2021 Celestron Firstscope Experimenting Through Clouds
https://otisastro.blogspot.com/2021/04/celestron-firstscope-experimenting.html

April 24, 2021 Celestron FirstScope Remote Land Tests
https://otisastro.blogspot.com/2021/04/celestron-firstscope-remote-land-tests.html

April 27, 2021 Celestron FirstScope - Mounting a Phone Camera
https://otisastro.blogspot.com/2021/04/celestron-firstscope-camera-mount.html

April 28, 2021 Plastic Telescope Takes the Cake - FirstScope Finderscope

Celestron Firstscope Camera Mount

Celestron FirstScope - Mounting a Phone Camera

The Celestron FirstScope is a telescope sold at toy companies. It has serious astro abilities when upgraded. For astrophotography and astro imaging, a camera mount is needed to steady the camera and stop motion blur.

No ordinary camera mount will work, as the telescope does not have a tube that can be rebalanced. This means finding and   using a very light weight camera mount is necessary. For example, the Celestron NexYZ camera mount may be too heavy for the small firstScope.

There are several good low cost mounts cast from polymer that weigh almost nothing. The mount in the illustrated example cost $6.98 including shipping and fits the iPhone Xs Max.
The camera is firmly held in place with spring loaded sides that tightly grip the phone sides. A screw adjusts to hold the ocular which carries the entire mount. The phone position is infinitely adjusted with a tightening knob after the phone is positioned directly above the eyepiece, or before attaching to the telescope (an example in the video). The photos are self explanatory. As the camera will add the majority of the weight, increase the tension on the Dobsonian mount. Make sure to mount the camera along the telescope tube and optical axis for best balance and to minimize any rotational imbalance. Experiment with other mounts, brands and sizes of phones.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C8EIyocVRJI

Saturday, April 24, 2021

Celestron Firstscope Experimenting Through Clouds

Celestron Firstscope: the Experiment, Can We Shoot Through Heavy Clouds?

Using a 2.99-inch Dobsonian to shoot the Moon through heavy clouds - is it possible?

by Mike Otis

THE VIEW at left shows the Moon totally obscured by heavy clouds on the night of Saturday, April 24th, 2021, captured with an iPhone Xs Max camera.

Photos are taken through the author's Celestron FirstScope with two Svbony Aspheric 62-degree eyepieces, using eyepiece projection, one at 10mm FL  at 30x and a 23mm FL at 13x. The experiment is to see if images can be obtained by shooting the Moon through very heavy  clouds without using filters.

At left, the first step is using the 23mm 13x ocular, holding the iPhone camera above the eyepiece and observe the effects at various exposures, noting the appearances across numerous images and seeing which images improve or degrade with various exposures. Low power seemed to accentuate the cloud haze across the front of the Moon and created less detail and surface features. It is also noted, focus will change based on the varying cloud density. It would be best to
place a lightweight plastic camera mount on the telescope rather than handhold the camera, thus allowing a greater ability to position the telescope, refocus as needed, and greatly minimize image motion without needing too many hands or bumping the telescope.

The final image shown above is through the 10mm eyepiece at 30x. The greater image scale is better at penetrating the clouds and showing lunar detail. The single prized image is software processed with PhotoScape X to remove cloud obstructions and water vapor haze. The image, towards the bottom right of the Moon shows some remaining water vapor, however it's not necessary to remove it as it does not appreciably cover the Moon. This experiment was far more successful than expected. Without the use of filters and only by adjusting image scale and exposure, a reasonable cloud penetration is possible with the Moon.

Celestron FirstScope Remote Land Tests

Celestron FirstScope Remote Land Tests

Enter the fascinating realm of the lowly Celestron FirstScope - a tiny beginner Dobsonian telescope that has taken Toys'R'Us by storm. But wait, is it a toy or is it real?

by Mike Otis

Left: Shooting through patio glass with a 1.6x zoom Apple iPhone Xs Max camera and enlarged here 3x, the crane hanging attachment is almost not visible.

The test is to use the Celestron FirstScope Dobsonian telescope from the convenience of indoors and test with (2.99 inches aperture at f/3.95) three eyepieces (23mm, 10mm, 4mm), with the same iPhone camera and compare the results. All eyepieces used are Aspheric in design with 62 degree views, available at reasonable pricing from Svbony Optics Company located in Asia.

Enter the world of the author's FirstScope Tabletop Observatory and take a look at what can be accomplished with a remote land test and three eyepieces, looking through patio glass at a slight angle, and discover interesting effects along the way.

First up is the view through the 23mm eyepiece at 13x. Due to hand holding the camera above the ocular and the exit pupil, the shadow of the secondary is visible in the upper left. In the photo, at the top right, is the crane attachment nearly invisible in the regular iPhone photo.

Next, dial in the image with the 10mm focus eyepiece and compare the 30x view. Note, the camera is handheld and the distance to the eyepiece may slightly vary.

The final handheld camera image, below, is taken with a 4mm focus eyepiece at 75x.

Note, there is a variance when photos were imported to this page as seen in the diameter of the circular view.